بررسی رفتار تریبولوژیکی کامپوزیت هیبریدی زمینه آلومینیوم تقویت‌شده با ذرات آلومینا و گرافیت تهیه شده به روش ریخته گری گریز از مرکز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، مجتمع دانشگاهی مواد و فناوری های ساخت، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، مجتمع دانشگاهی مواد و فناوری های ساخت ، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، مجتمع دانشگاهی مواد و فناوری های ساخت، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

4 استاد، مجتمع دانشگاهی مواد و فناوری های ساخت، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

چکیده
در پژوهش حاضر، کامپوزیت هیبریدی زمینه آلومینیوم تقویت‌شده با ذرات آلومینا و گرافیت به روش ریخته‌گری گردابی همراه با ریخته‌گری گریز از مرکز تهیه و رفتار تریبولوژیکی آن بررسی شد. تست سایش با سرعت لغزش cm/s60 و با نیروی N30 انجام گردید. نتایج نشان داد که با افزودن گرافیت و آلومینا به زمینه‌ی آلومینیوم، مقاومت سایشی کامپوزیت هیبریدی افزایش یافت. مقدار گرافیت در کامپوزیت هیبریدی تأثیر زیادی بر نرخ سایش داشت و افزودن آن تا یک مقدار بهینه منجر به کاهش نرخ سایش و افزایش بیشتر آن، افزایش نرخ سایش را در پی دارد. با وجود ذرات آلومینا، سختی کمتر کاهش یافته و مقاومت سایشی افزایش پیدا کرد. کامپوزیت هیبریدی Al-Al2O3-Gr نرخ سایشی بسیار بهتری از آلیاژ زمینه و همچنین کامپوزیت Al-Gr نشان داد. کامپوزیت Al-Gr به دلیل مقدار بالای گرافیت و نبود ذرات آلومینا نرخ سایش زیادتری حتی از آلیاژ زمینه داشت. بررسی‌های میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی سطوح سایش نشان داد که در آلیاژ زمینه مکانیزم سایش، ترکیبی از مکانیزم‌های چسبان، خراشان و تورقی است در حالی که در کامپوزیت‌ها، مکانیزم غالب سایش خراشان و تورقی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

Investigating wear behavior of Al/Al2O3/Gr hybrid composite prepared by centrifugal casting method

نویسندگان English

Ali Alizadeh 1
Mohsen Heydari Beni 2
Masoud Altafi 3
Jafar Eskandari Jam 4
1 Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Technologies, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Technologies, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Technologies, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
4 Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Technologies, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Hybrid composite of aluminum base reinforced with alumina and graphite particles was prepared by vortex casting method along with centrifugal casting and its tribological behavior was investigated. The wear test was performed with a sliding speed of 60 cm/s and a force of N30. The results showed that by adding graphite and alumina to the aluminum base, the abrasion resistance of the hybrid composite increased. The amount of graphite in the hybrid composite had a great effect on the wear rate, and adding it to an optimal amount leads to a decrease in the wear rate and its further increase leads to an increase in the wear rate. With the presence of alumina particles, the hardness decreased less and the wear resistance increased. The Al-Al2O3-Gr hybrid composite showed a much better wear rate than the base alloy as well as the Al-Gr composite. Al-Gr composite had a higher wear rate than the base alloy due to the high amount of graphite and the absence of alumina particles. The scanning electron microscope investigations of the wear surfaces showed that in the base alloy, the wear mechanism is a combination of adhesive, scraping, and indentation mechanisms, while in composites, the dominant wear mechanism is scratching and indentation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Hybrid composite
centrifugal casting
abrasion
graphite
alumina
[1] Kok M. Production and mechanical properties of Al2O3 particle-reinforced 2024 aluminium alloy composites. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2005;161:381-7.
[2] Radhika N, Subramanian R, Prasat SV. Tribological Behaviour of Aluminium/Alumina/Graphite Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite Using Taguchi’s Techniques. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering. 2011;10:427-43.
[3] Gewfiel E, El-Meniawi MAH, Fouad Y. The effects of graphite and SiC formation on mechanical and wear properties of aluminum-graphite (Al/Gr) composites. 2012 International Conference on Engineering and Technology (ICET): Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers (IEEE); 2012.
[4] Omrani E, Moghadam AD, Menezes PL, Rohatgi PK. Influences of graphite reinforcement on the tribological properties of self-lubricating aluminum matrix composites for green tribology, sustainability, and energy\ efficiency—a review. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2016;83:325-46.
[5] Wu LL, Yang WJ, Xu JR, Yao GC. Wear Resistance of Graphite / Aluminium Composites that Prepared by Stirring Casting. AMR. 2013;683:333-8.
[6] Omrani E, Moghadam AD, Algazzar M, Menezes PL, Rohatgi PK. Effect of graphite particles on improving tribological properties Al-16Si-5Ni-5Graphite self-lubricating composite under fully flooded and starved lubrication conditions for transportation applications. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2016:1-11.
[7] Rohatgi PK, Ray S, Liu Y. Tribological properties of metal matrix-graphite particle composites. International Materials Reviews. 1992;37:129-52.
[8] Yang JB, Lin CB, Wang TC, Chu HY. The tribological characteristics of A356.2Al alloy/Gr(p) composites. Wear. 2004;257:941-52.
[9] Liu Y, Rohatgi PK, Ray S. Tribological characteristics of aluminum-50 Vol Pct graphite composite. MTA.1993;24:151-9.
[10] Shanmughasundaram P. Investigation on the Wear Behaviour of Eutectic Al-Si Alloy– Al2O3 - Graphite Composites Fabricated Through Squeeze Casting. Materials Research. 2014.
[11] Suresha S, Sridhara BK. Effect of silicon carbide particulates on wear resistance of graphitic aluminium matrix composites. Materials & Design. 2010;31:4470-7.
[12] Rajan TPD, Pillai RM, Pai BC. Centrifugal casting of functionally graded aluminium matrix composite components. International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 2008;21:214-8.
[13] Rajan TPD, Pillai RM, Pai BC. Characterization of centrifugal cast functionally graded aluminum-silicon carbide metal matrix composites. Materials Characterization. 2010;61:923-8.
[14] Huang X, Liu C, Lv X, Liu G, Li F. Aluminum alloy pistons reinforced with SiC fabricated by centrifugal casting. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2011;211:1540-6.
[15] Watanabe Y, Kawamoto A, Matsuda K. Particle size distributions in functionally graded materials fabricated by the centrifugal solid-particle method. Composites Science and Technology. 2002;62:881-8.
[16] Wang K, Cheng J, Sun W, Xue H. An approach for increase of reinforcement content in particle rich zone of centrifugally cast SiCP/Al composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2012;46:1021-7.
[17] Hassan AM, Hayajneh MT, Al-Omari MA-H. The effect of the increase in graphite volumetric percentage on the strength and hardness of Al-4 weight percent Mg-graphite composites. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. 2002;11:250-5.
[18] Guo MLT, Tsao CYA. Tribological behavior of self-lubricating aluminium/SiC/graphite hybrid composites synthesized by the semi-solid powder-densification method. Composites Science and Technology.2000;60:65-74.
[19] Robert Redhill, Principles of Physical Metallurgy. 2009.
[20] Lim YY, Chaudhri MM. The influence of grain size on the indentation hardness of high-purity copper and aluminium. Philosophical Magazine A. 2002;82:2071-80.
[21] Vencl A, Bobic I, Arostegui S, Bobic B, Marinković A, Babić M. Structural, mechanical and tribological properties of A356 aluminium alloy reinforced with Al2O3, SiC and SiC + graphite particles. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2010;506:631-9.
[22] Vencl A, Bobić I, Jovanović MT, Babić M, Mitrović S. Microstructural and Tribological Properties of A356 Al–Si Alloy Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles. Tribology Letters. 2008;32:159-70.
[23] Ames W, Alpas AT. Wear mechanisms in hybrid composites of Graphite-20 Pct SiC in A356 Aluminum Alloy (Al-7 Pct Si-0.3 Pct Mg). MMTA. 1995;26:85-98.
[24] Jha AK, Prasad SV, Upadhyaya GS. Dry sliding wear of sintered 6061 aluminium alloy— graphite particle composites. Tribology International. 1989;22:321-7.
[25] Radhika N, Subramanian R, Venkat Prasat S, Anandavel B. Dry sliding wear behaviour of aluminium/alumina/graphite hybrid metal matrix composites. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology.2012;64:359-66.
[26] Ted Guo ML, Tsao CYA. Tribological behavior of aluminum/SiC/nickel-coated graphite hybrid composites. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2002;333:134-45.
[27] Akhlaghi F, Zare-Bidaki A. Influence of graphite content on the dry sliding and oil impregnated sliding wear behavior of Al 2024–graphite composites produced by in situ powder metallurgy method. Wear. 2009;266:37-45.
[28] Mahdavi S, Akhlaghi F. Effect of the Graphite Content on the Tribological Behavior of Al/Gr and Al/30SiC/Gr Composites Processed by In Situ Powder Metallurgy (IPM) Method. Tribology Letters.2011;44:1-12.
[29] Fathi R, Ma A, Saleh B, Xu Q, Jiang J. Investigation on mechanical properties and wear performance of functionally graded AZ91-SiCp composites via centrifugal casting. Materials Today Communications. 2020.24(1);24:101169.
[30] Adib M H, Abedinzadeh R. Study of mechanical properties and wear behavior of hybrid Al/(Al2O3+SiC) nanocomposites fabricated by powder technology. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2023; 305: 127922.
دوره 3، شماره 3
پاییز 1402
صفحه 285-309

  • تاریخ دریافت 02 آبان 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 29 آبان 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 14 آذر 1402