Is it possible to improve the surface properties by controlling the machining process at the same time as the parts are made? An empirical study of the effect of speed and flow rate variables of the wire cut machine on the surface properties of CK45

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Materials Engineering Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran

3 Nano Part Aseman Company, Gonabad, Iran

4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran

5 Department of Mechanical Engineering , Gonabad University , Gonabad, Iran

Abstract
Considering the importance and high application of CK45 steel in today's industries and the increasing use of modern machining methods such as wire cut EDM, it is necessary to examine the effects of these methods' variables on the properties of metals. In this study, to enhance surface properties during the manufacturing process, cubic samples made of CK45 steel were fabricated using the wire cut method, and the effects of speed and current intensity variables on changes in surface properties including hardness, roughness, wear, and corrosion were discussed. The hardness and weight loss due to wear in the base sample were 218 HV and 18.51 mg, respectively, while in a sample with a manufacturing speed of 80 and a current intensity of 3 amps, these values reached 247.7 HV and 5.62 mg. The highest roughness was recorded in a sample with a manufacturing speed of 50 and a current intensity of 4 amps, and the best and worst corrosion results were observed at a speed of 50 and a current intensity of 3 amps and a speed of 50 and a current intensity of 4 amps, respectively

Keywords


[1] Jebarose Juliyana S, Udaya Prakash J. Optimization of machining parameters for wire EDM of AMCs (LM5/ZrO2) using Taguchi technique. INCAS Bullein. 2022;14:57–68.
[2] Naeim N, MonaAbou A E, Ahmed E. Experimental investigation of surface roughness and material removal rate in wire EDM of stainless steel 304 .Materials. 2023;16:1022.
[3] Malakizadi A, Mallipeddi D, Dadbakhsh S, M’Saoubi R, Krajnik P. Post-processing of additively manufactured metallic alloys—a review. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 2022;179:103908.
[4] Goiogana M, Elkaseer A. Self-fl ushing in EDM drilling of Ti6Al4V using rotating shaped electrodes. Materials 2019;12: 989.
[5] Pramanik A. Developments in the non-traditional machining of particle reinforced metal matrix composites. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 2014;86:44–61.
[6] Alting L, Boothroyd G. Nontraditional manufacturing processes. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, 2020;363– 416.
[7] Benedict G F. Electrical discharge machining (EDM), non traditional manufacturing processes. New York and Basel: Marcel Dekker, Inc, 1987;231–232.
[8] Sreenivasa Rao M, Venkaiah N. A modified cuckoo search algorithm to optimize wire-EDM process while machining Inconel-690, J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 2017; 39:1647–1661.
[9] Saravanan M, Thiyagarajan C, Somasundaram S. Parametric optimization of wirecut-electrical discharge machining through cuckoo search algorithm, Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020;22:681-687.
[10] Jahan M P, Rahman M, Wong Y S. A review on the conventional and micro-electro discharge machining of tungsten carbide. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 2011;51:837–858.
[11] Maity K P, Mishra H. ANN modelling and elitist teaching learning approach for multi-917 897 objective optimization of μ-EDM. J. IntellManuf, 2016;7:1–18.
[12] Sinha P, Kumar R, Singh G K, Thomas D, Srivastava T. Optimization of wire EDM of AISI D3 tool steel using orthogonal array with principal component analysis, Mater. Today: Proceedings. 2015; 2:2512–2521.
[13] Van Riel T, Qian J, Lauwers B. Exploratory study of wire based ECM finishing of 316L stainless steel, implemented within a hybrid wire EDM-ECM platform. Procedia CIRP, 2022;113:465-470.
[14] Shivade A S, Shinde V D. Multi-objective optimization in WEDM of D3 tool steel using integrated approach of Taguchi method & Grey relational analysis, J. Ind. Eng. Int. 2014;10:149–162.
[15] Xiao Y, Ming W, Shen D, He W, Ma J, Jiao J, Wolf pack algorithm for optimisation of cutting parameters in WEDM using Taguchi method, Int. J. Internet Manuf. Serv. 2019;6:139–154.
[16] Mohamad A, Zain A M, Yusof N M, Najarian F, Alwee R, Hamed H N A, Modeling and optimization of machining parameters using regression and cuckoo search in deep hole drilling process, Appl. Mech. Mater. (2019); 892: 177–184.
[17] Shadab M, Singh R, Rai R N, Multi-objective optimization of wire electricadischarge machining process parameters for Al5083/7%B4C composite using metaheuristic techniques, Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2019; 44:591– 601.
[18] Küpper U, Herrig T, Welling D, Bergs T. Process performance of high energy wire EDM. Procedia CIRP. 2021;101:230-233.
[19] Pramanik A A, Basak K, Littlefair G, Debnath S, Prakash C, Singh M A, Marla D, Singh R K. Methods and variables in Electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy – a review. Heliyon 6, 2020;12.
[20] Hou Y, Xu J, Lian Z, Zhai C, Li M, Yang S, Yu H. Research on surface microstructures and properties of NiTi shape memory alloy after wire electrical discharge machining. Materials Today Communications. 2022;31:103521.
[21] VishalSharma S V S, Sharma N, Singh G, Gupta M K, Singh G. Optimization of WEDM parameters while machining biomedical materials using EDAS-PSO. Materials 2023;16:114.
[22] Mathew Paulson D, Saif M, Zishan M. Optimization of wire-EDM process of titanium alloy-grade 5 using Taguchi’s method and grey relational analysis. Mater. Today Proc. 2022;72:144–153.
[23] Zhang Y, Chen F, Zhang Y, Du C. Influence of graphene oxide additive on the tribological and electrochemical corrosion properties of a PEO coating prepared on AZ31 magnesium alloy. Tribology International. 2020;146:106135.
[24] Abbasi aval N. farjam K, aghajani H. Effect of grain size on diffusion of nitrogen in heat treated CK45 plain carbon steel. Journal Of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 2014;25(2):27-36.
[25] Reed- Hill R E. and Abbaschian R, Physical Metallurgy Principles, Pws-Kent Pub, 1992.
[26] Aghajani, H., Madanipour, H., Soltanieh, M., Mahboubi, F. and Naseredini M., "Effect of Pre-heat treatment on Plasma Nitriding of Hot Work Tool Steel", 17th IFHT SE Congress, Kobe, Japan, 2008.
[27] Balasubramaniyan C, Esra V. An experimental investigation of F53 super duplex stainless steel using wire cut EDM process. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2024.
[28] Manjaiah M, Laubscher R F, Kumar A, Basavarajappa S. Parametric optimization of MRR and surface roughness in wire electro discharge machining (WEDM) of D2 steel using Taguchi-based utility approach. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering. 2016;11:1-9.
[29] Tosun N, Cogun C. Inan A. The effect of cutting parameters on workpiece surface roughness in wire EDM. Machining Science and Technology. 2003;7(2): 209-219.
[30] Mahapatra S S. Patnaik A. Optimization of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process parameters using Taguchi method. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2007;34:911-925.
[31] Nur R, Muas M, Risal S. Effect of current and wire speed on surface roughness in the manufacturing of straight gear using wire-cut EDM process. InIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019; 619:012002.
[32] Sun S, Di S, Lu P, Wei D, Yu J, Guo Y. Microstructure and properties of metamorphic layer formed on MgRE alloy in micro-EDM process. Acta Metall Sin. 2013;11:251-6.
[33] Jangra K, Grover S. Modelling and experimental investigation of process parameters in WEDM of WC-5.3% Co using response surface methodology. Mechanical Sciences. 2012;3:63-72.
[34] Denkena B, Lucas A, Thorey F, Waizy H, Angrisani N, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Biocompatible magnesium alloys as degradable implant materials-Machining induced surface and subsurface properties and implant performance. Special issues on magnesium alloys. 2011;12:109-27.A
Volume 4, Issue 3
Autumn 2024
Pages 497-512

  • Receive Date 19 June 2024
  • Revise Date 24 September 2024
  • Accept Date 16 November 2024